Holocaust - Timeline - 1944
January 22
Hitler is startled when
Anglo-American forces land in Anzio. Hitler accuses Abwehr of
incompetence and fires Canaris. Hires Colonel Alexander Hansen who is
also part of the conspiracy.
January 24
Roosevelt creates the
War Refugee Board.
January 27
Siege of Leningrad ends.
March
Captain Breitenbuch
volunteers to assassinate Hitler. He does not get his chance due to a
change of rules of who is allowed to attend briefings.
March 19
Germany invades Hungary.
March 24
Roosevelt warns Hungary
to refrain from anti-Jewish measures.
April 10
Rudolf Vrba and Alfred
Wetzler escape from Auschwitz and carry detailed information about the
death camp to outside world.
April 14
First transport of Jews
from Athens to Auschwitz.
April 16
Hungarian government
registers Jews, confiscates their property
April 25
"Blood for Trucks"
negotiations start.
May 11
Allied forces mount
major offensive in central Italy.
May 15 to July 8
Deportation of 438,000
Jews from Hungary to Auschwitz.
June
A Red Cross delegation
visits Theresienstadt.
June 4
Allies enter Rome.
June 6
D-Day, the start of the
Allied invasion in Normandy.
June 9
Hannah Szenes arrested
in Hungary
June 13
Germany launches first
V-1 rockets at England.
June 14
Rosenberg orders
kidnapping of 40,000 Polish children ages 10-14 for slave labor in the
Reich.
June 22
The SS conducts the
first documented gassing in the women's camp at Ravensbrück. The gas
chamber at Ravensbrück uses Zyklon B, crystalline hydrogen cyanide gas,
as the killing agent. The gas chamber is relatively small; the SS uses
it primarily to kill those prisoners they deemed "unfit" for work. In
all, the SS will kill more than 2,000 prisoners in the gas chamber at
Ravensbrück.
June 23
Start of the Soviet
offensive.
June 29
Hitler fires Field
Marshal Rommel and Field Marshal von Rundstedt for saying that Germany
should sue for peace.
July
Swedish diplomat Raoul
Wallenberg arrives in Budapest, Hungary and begins to issue diplomatic
papers to save Hungarian Jews.
July 7
Hungarian government
halts deportations.
July 8
Kovno ghetto liquidated.
Soviet forces annihilate
Army Group Center leaving only pockets of German forces to fight the
Soviets.
July 10
Soviet forces come
within 100 km. of Wolf's Lair headquarters in Rastenberg.
July 13
Jewish partisans help
liberate Vilna: 2,500 of 57,000 Jews survive
July 20
Soviet troops liberate
concentration camp Majdanek. German assassination attempt on Hitler
fails.
July 22
Lvov liberated: 110,000
Jews dead.
July 23
Red Cross mission visits
Theresienstadt. Soviets liberate
Majdanek.
July 25
Ghetto in Kovno,
Lithuania, evacuated.
August 4
Anne Frank’s family is
arrested by the Gestapo in Amsterdam.
August 6
Deportation to Germany
of 27,000 Jews from camps east of the Vistula River.
August 7
Liquidation of Lodz
ghetto begins: 74,000 Jews deported to Auschwitz.
August 8-14
Scores of conspirators
are tried and executed in Plotzensee prison.
August 23
Holding camp Drancy
(Paris) liberated. Rumania capitulates.
August 25
Paris liberated.
August 28
Slovak national uprising
begins.
September 4
Antwerp liberated: Fewer
than 5,000 Jews survived.
September 5
Lodz Ghetto evacuated.
September 10
Soviet forces capture
Prague.
September 11
British troops arrive in
Holland.
September
Transport of all Jews in
Dutch camps into Germany. New deportations from Theresienstadt to
Auschwitz. Last transport from France to Auschwitz.
September 14
American troops on the
German border.
September 23
Massacre of Jews in the
concentration camp in Kluga, Estonia. Resumption of deportations from
Slovakia.
September 28
Churchill announces
formation of Jewish brigade.
September/October
Many German conspirators
tried and executed.
October 3
Polish uprising in
Warsaw crushed.
October 7
Escape attempts in
AuschwitzBirkenau.
October 15
Germany installs new
puppet Hungarian government, which resumes deporting Jews.
October 18
Hitler orders the
establishment of the “Volkssturms” (mobilization of all men from 16 to
60).
October 23
Paris is liberated by
Allied armies.
October 23-26
Battle of Leyte.
End October
The survivors of
concentration camp Plaszow (Krakow) transported to Auschwitz.
October 31
Approximately 14,000
Jews transported from Slovakia to Auschwitz.
November 2
Gassings in Auschwitz
terminated.
November
Trial of the leaders of
the extermination camp Majdanek held in Lublin.
November 3/8
Soviet troops near
Budapest.
November 18
Eichmann deports 38,000
Jews from Budapest to the concentration camps at Buchenwald and
Ravensbruck and other camps.
November 26
Himmler orders the
destruction of the crematorium at AuschwitzBirkenau as Nazis try to
hide evidence of the death camps.
December 16
"Battle of the Bulge."
December 17
Waffen SS murder 81 U.S.
POWs at Malmedy.
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