Israel
- Science and Technology in Israel
Israeli contributions to
science and technology have been significant, even strangely out of
proportion for a country of roughly six million with continuous security
challenges. Since the establishment of the State of Israel, Israel has
pioneered work in science and engineering, compensating a small national
budget with creativity and imagination. Israeli scientists have
contributed in the areas of genetics, medicine, agriculture, computer
sciences, electronics, optics, engineering and other high-tech
industries.
Israeli science is particularly well known for its military technology,
from simple submachine guns like the Uzi, ranging to advanced
anti-ballistic defense systems - like the Arrow. Moreover, Israel is
among the small group of nations in the world that have the capability
to launch satellites into orbit (the others include the USA, Russia,
Europe mainly through the common European space agency ESA, the People's
Republic of China, Japan, and India).
As a dry land, Israel has pioneered in advanced agricultural technology
such as water-conserving irrigation methods, salinity research, enriched
compost, and enhanced genetic engineered crops. Dry lands which have
peace with Israel have received aid from and/or collaborated with
Israeli experts in order to improve desert agriculture and produce more
food. Israel has a world-wide reputation in this area.
Israel also has a high reputation in theoretical physics. Israeli
physicists tend to deal more with theoretical and conceptual aspects of
physics, especially in questions of time and space, and the paradoxes
and strange phenomena of quantum mechanics.
Israel is also known for its well-developed and revolutionary medicine.
Israel medical researchers and surgeons have worldwide reputation, in
searching for new cures as well in high technology and reliability.
Recently, a group of researchers from the Weizmann Institute developed a
molecular bio-computer that may help cure cancer.
Scientific institutions
* The Hebrew University, Jerusalem
* Technion, Haifa
* Tel Aviv University
* Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
* Bar-Ilan University
* Vulcani Agricultural Institute, Rishon LeZion.
* Weizmann Institute, Rehovot
High Tech companies
* Civilian
o Amdocs
o Checkpoint
o Chromatis
o El-Op
o Teva - medicines company
o Netafim - computerized drip irrigation, etc.
o M-Systems - Leader in flash memory storage
o Mercury - Leader in Software Quality tools
o Zend Technologies - Web infrastructure software, inventors of PHP.
* Security\military\governmental
o Elbit
o El-Op
o IAI - Israel Aircraft Industries
o IMI - Israeli Military industry (TAAS)
o Rafael - The Authority for weapons development
o Soltam - military products and armor
Famous Israeli scientists
Nobel Prize Winners
Three Israelis have won science Nobel Prizes. Biologists Avram Hershko
and Aaron Ciechanover of the Technion shared the Chemistry prize in
2004. Israeli-American psychologist Daniel Kahneman had previously won
the 2002 prize in Economics.
Additionally, 1958 Medicine laureate Joshua Lederberg was born to Jewish
Palestinian parents, while 2004 Physics laureate David Gross partly grew
up in Israel, where he obtained his undergraduate degree.
Other scientists
Prominent scientists are listed in List of Israelis. For a more
comprehensive listing, see List of Israeli scientists.
From:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_Israel
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